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Q1: Create a structure called Student with the following attributes: name, roll number, and marks in three subjects. Write a program that takes input for five students, stores their information in an array of structures, and then displays the name and average marks of each student.

output.cpp

// C code
#include <stdio.h>

struct Student {
    char name[50];
    int rollNumber;
    float marks[3];
};

int main() {
    struct Student students[5];
    
    for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
        printf("Enter details for Student %d:\n", i + 1);
        printf("Name: ");
        scanf("%s", students[i].name);
        printf("Roll Number: ");
        scanf("%d", &students[i].rollNumber);
        printf("Marks in three subjects: ");
        scanf("%f %f %f", &students[i].marks[0], &students[i].marks[1], &students[i].marks[2]);
    }

    printf("\nStudent Details:\n");
    for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
        printf("Name: %s\n", students[i].name);
        printf("Average Marks: %.2f\n", (students[i].marks[0] + students[i].marks[1] + students[i].marks[2]) / 3);
    }

    return 0;
}

Q2: Create a structure called Employee with attributes for employee name, employee ID, and salary. Write a program to input details of 10 employees and display the employee with the highest salary.

output.cpp

// C code
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>

struct Employee {
    char name[50];
    int employeeID;
    float salary;
};

int main() {
    struct Employee employees[10];
    
    // Input details for 10 employees
    for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
        printf("Enter details for Employee %d:\n", i + 1);
        printf("Name: ");
        scanf("%s", employees[i].name);
        printf("Employee ID: ");
        scanf("%d", &employees[i].employeeID);
        printf("Salary: ");
        scanf("%f", &employees[i].salary);
    }

    // Find the employee with the highest salary
    float highestSalary = employees[0].salary;
    int highestSalaryEmployeeIndex = 0;

    for (int i = 1; i < 10; i++) {
        if (employees[i].salary > highestSalary) {
            highestSalary = employees[i].salary;
            highestSalaryEmployeeIndex = i;
        }
    }

    // Display details of the employee with the highest salary
    printf("\nEmployee with the Highest Salary:\n");
    printf("Name: %s\n", employees[highestSalaryEmployeeIndex].name);
    printf("Employee ID: %d\n", employees[highestSalaryEmployeeIndex].employeeID);
    printf("Salary: %.2f\n", employees[highestSalaryEmployeeIndex].salary);

    return 0;
}

Q3: Create a structure called Time with attributes for hours, minutes, and seconds. Write a program that takes input for time in seconds and converts it into hours, minutes, and seconds, then displays the result.

output.cpp

// C code
#include <stdio.h>

struct Time {
    int hours;
    int minutes;
    int seconds;
};

int main() {
    struct Time time;

    printf("Enter time in seconds: ");
    int totalSeconds;
    scanf("%d", &totalSeconds);

    time.hours = totalSeconds / 3600;
    totalSeconds %= 3600;
    time.minutes = totalSeconds / 60;
    time.seconds = totalSeconds % 60;

    printf("Time: %02d:%02d:%02d\n", time.hours, time.minutes, time.seconds);

    return 0;
}

Q4: Create a structure called Book with attributes for title, author, and price. Write a program that allows the user to input details for a collection of books, stores them in an array of structures, and then displays the details of books with a price greater than a specified value.

output.cpp

// C code
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>

struct Book {
    char title[100];
    char author[100];
    float price;
};

int main() {
    int numBooks;
    printf("Enter the number of books: ");
    scanf("%d", &numBooks);

    struct Book books[numBooks];

    for (int i = 0; i < numBooks; i++) {
        printf("Enter details for Book %d:\n", i + 1);
        printf("Title: ");
        scanf(" %[^\n]", books[i].title);
        printf("Author: ");
        scanf(" %[^\n]", books[i].author);
        printf("Price: ");
        scanf("%f", &books[i].price);
    }

    float specifiedPrice;
    printf("Enter the specified price: ");
    scanf("%f", &specifiedPrice);

    printf("\nBooks with price greater than %.2f:\n", specifiedPrice);
    for (int i = 0; i < numBooks; i++) {
        if (books[i].price > specifiedPrice) {
            printf("Title: %s\n", books[i].title);
            printf("Author: %s\n", books[i].author);
            printf("Price: %.2f\n", books[i].price);
        }
    }

    return 0;
}

Q5: Create a union called Temperature with attributes for Celsius and Fahrenheit temperatures. Write a program that takes input for a temperature value in either Celsius or Fahrenheit, and store it in the union. Convert and display the temperature in both Celsius and Fahrenheit.

output.cpp

// C code
#include <stdio.h>

union Temperature {
    float celsius;
    float fahrenheit;
};

int main() {
    union Temperature temp;

    printf("Enter a temperature value: ");
    float temperature;
    scanf("%f", &temperature);

    char unit;
    printf("Enter the temperature unit (C for Celsius, F for Fahrenheit): ");
    scanf(" %c", &unit);

    if (unit == 'C' || unit == 'c') {
        temp.celsius = temperature;
        temp.fahrenheit = (temp.celsius * 9 / 5) + 32;
        printf("Temperature in Celsius: %.2f\n", temp.celsius);
        printf("Temperature in Fahrenheit: %.2f\n", temp.fahrenheit);
    } else if (unit == 'F' || unit == 'f') {
        temp.fahrenheit = temperature;
        temp.celsius = (temp.fahrenheit - 32) * 5 / 9;
        printf("Temperature in Fahrenheit: %.2f\n", temp.fahrenheit);
        printf("Temperature in Celsius: %.2f\n", temp.celsius);
    } else {
        printf("Invalid temperature unit. Please enter 'C' or 'F'.\n");
    }

    return 0;
}

Q6: Create a structure called Student with attributes for name, roll number, and a union called Result that contains attributes for marks in mathematics and science. Write a program to input details of five students and display the name, roll number, and marks in either mathematics or science, depending on user input.

output.cpp

// C code
#include <stdio.h>

union Result {
    float mathematics;
    float science;
};

struct Student {
    char name[50];
    int rollNumber;
    union Result result;
};

int main() {
    struct Student students[5];

    for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
        printf("Enter details for Student %d:\n", i + 1);
        printf("Name: ");
        scanf("%s", students[i].name);
        printf("Roll Number: ");
        scanf("%d", &students[i].rollNumber);

        char choice;
        printf("Enter 'M' for mathematics or 'S' for science: ");
        scanf(" %c", &choice);

        if (choice == 'M' || choice == 'm') {
            printf("Marks in Mathematics: ");
            scanf("%f", &students[i].result.mathematics);
        } else if (choice == 'S' || choice == 's') {
            printf("Marks in Science: ");
            scanf("%f", &students[i].result.science);
        } else {
            printf("Invalid choice. Please enter 'M' or 'S'.\n");
            i--;  // Decrement i to re-enter details for the same student
        }
    }

    printf("\nStudent Details:\n");
    for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
        printf("Name: %s\n", students[i].name);
        printf("Roll Number: %d\n", students[i].rollNumber);
        char choice;
        printf("Enter 'M' for mathematics or 'S' for science: ");
        scanf(" %c", &choice);

        if (choice == 'M' || choice == 'm') {
            printf("Marks in Mathematics: %.2f\n", students[i].result.mathematics);
        } else if (choice == 'S' || choice == 's') {
            printf("Marks in Science: %.2f\n", students[i].result.science);
        }
    }

    return 0;
}

Q7: Create a structure called Complex with attributes for real and imaginary parts of a complex number. Write a program to perform addition and subtraction operations on two complex numbers entered by the user.

output.cpp

// C code
#include <stdio.h>

struct Complex {
    double real;
    double imaginary;
};

int main() {
    struct Complex num1, num2, result;

    // Input for the first complex number
    printf("Enter the real part of the first complex number: ");
    scanf("%lf", &num1.real);
    printf("Enter the imaginary part of the first complex number: ");
    scanf("%lf", &num1.imaginary);

    // Input for the second complex number
    printf("Enter the real part of the second complex number: ");
    scanf("%lf", &num2.real);
    printf("Enter the imaginary part of the second complex number: ");
    scanf("%lf", &num2.imaginary);

    // Addition
    result.real = num1.real + num2.real;
    result.imaginary = num1.imaginary + num2.imaginary;

    printf("Addition: %.2lf + %.2lfi\n", result.real, result.imaginary);

    // Subtraction
    result.real = num1.real - num2.real;
    result.imaginary = num1.imaginary - num2.imaginary;

    printf("Subtraction: %.2lf - %.2lfi\n", result.real, result.imaginary);

    return 0;
}

Q8: Create a union called Shape that represents different geometric shapes, such as circle, square, and triangle. Each shape should have attributes for its parameters (e.g., radius, side length, base, height). Write a program to calculate and display the area of the selected shape.

output.cpp

// C code
#include <stdio.h>
#include <math.h>

union Shape {
    struct {
        float radius;
    } circle;
    struct {
        float sideLength;
    } square;
    struct {
        float base;
        float height;
    } triangle;
};

int main() {
    union Shape shape;

    char choice;
    printf("Select a shape (C for Circle, S for Square, T for Triangle): ");
    scanf(" %c", &choice);

    switch (choice) {
        case 'C':
        case 'c':
            printf("Enter the radius of the circle: ");
            scanf("%f", &shape.circle.radius);
            // Calculate and display the area of the circle
            printf("Area of the circle: %.2f\n", M_PI * shape.circle.radius * shape.circle.radius);
            break;

        case 'S':
        case 's':
            printf("Enter the side length of the square: ");
            scanf("%f", &shape.square.sideLength);
            // Calculate and display the area of the square
            printf("Area of the square: %.2f\n", shape.square.sideLength * shape.square.sideLength);
            break;

        case 'T':
        case 't':
            printf("Enter the base of the triangle: ");
            scanf("%f", &shape.triangle.base);
            printf("Enter the height of the triangle: ");
            scanf("%f", &shape.triangle.height);
            // Calculate and display the area of the triangle
            printf("Area of the triangle: %.2f\n", 0.5 * shape.triangle.base * shape.triangle.height);
            break;

        default:
            printf("Invalid choice. Please enter 'C', 'S', or 'T'.\n");
    }

    return 0;
}

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