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Q1: Write a program to reverse a given string.

output.cpp

// C code
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>

int main() {
	char str[100];
	printf("Enter a string: ");
	scanf("%s", str);

	int length = 0;
	while (str[length] != '') {
		length++;
	}

	for (int i = 0; i < length / 2; i++) {
		char temp = str[i];
		str[i] = str[length - i - 1];
		str[length - i - 1] = temp;
	}

	printf("Reversed string: %s\n", str);

	return 0;
}

Q2: Implement a program to find the length of a string without using library functions.

output.cpp

// C code
#include <stdio.h>

int main() {
	char str[100];
	printf("Enter a string: ");
	scanf("%s", str);

	int length = 0;
	while (str[length] != '') {
		length++;
	}

	printf("Length of the string: %d\n", length);

	return 0;
}

Q3: Create a program that counts the number of vowels and consonants in a string.

output.cpp

// C code
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <ctype.h>

int main() {
	char str[100];
	printf("Enter a string: ");
	scanf("%s", str);

	int vowels = 0;
	int consonants = 0;

	for (int i = 0; str[i] != ''; i++) {
		char ch = tolower(str[i]);

		if (ch >= 'a' && ch <= 'z') {
			if (ch == 'a' || ch == 'e' || ch == 'i' || ch == 'o' || ch == 'u') {
				vowels++;
			} else {
				consonants++;
			}
		}
	}

	printf("Vowels: %d\n", vowels);
	printf("Consonants: %d\n", consonants);

	return 0;
}

Q4: Implement a program to check if two strings are anagrams of each other.

output.cpp

// C code
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <ctype.h>

int main() {
	char str1[100], str2[100];
	printf("Enter the first string: ");
	scanf("%s", str1);
	printf("Enter the second string: ");
	scanf("%s", str2);

	int len1 = strlen(str1);
	int len2 = strlen(str2);

	if (len1 != len2) {
		printf("The strings are not anagrams.\n");
		return 0;
	}

	int count[256] = {0};

	for (int i = 0; i < len1; i++) {
		count[(int)tolower(str1[i])]++;
		count[(int)tolower(str2[i])]--;
	}

	for (int i = 0; i < 256; i++) {
		if (count[i] != 0) {
			printf("The strings are not anagrams.\n");
			return 0;
		}
	}

	printf("The strings are anagrams.\n");

	return 0;
}

Q5: Write a program to concatenate two strings.

output.cpp

// C code
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
   
int main() {
    char str1[100], str2[100];
    printf("Enter the first string: ");
    scanf("%s", str1);
    printf("Enter the second string: ");
    scanf("%s", str2);
    
    strcat(str1, str2);
    
    printf("Concatenated string: %s\n", str1);
    
    return 0;
}

Q6: Create a program to find and replace all occurrences of a specific word in a string.

output.cpp

// C code
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>

int main() {
    char str[1000];
    printf("Enter a string: ");
    gets(str);
    
    char find[100], replace[100];
    printf("Enter the word to find: ");
    gets(find);
    printf("Enter the word to replace: ");
    gets(replace);

    int strLen = strlen(str);
    int findLen = strlen(find);
    int replaceLen = strlen(replace);

    char result[1000];
    int i, j, k = 0;

    for (i = 0; i < strLen; ) {
        int isSubstring = 1;

        for (j = 0; j < findLen; j++) {
            if (str[i + j] != find[j]) {
                isSubstring = 0;
                break;
            }
        }

        if (isSubstring) {
            for (j = 0; j < replaceLen; j++) {
                result[k++] = replace[j];
            }

            i += findLen;
        } else {
            result[k++] = str[i++];
        }
    }

    result[k] = '';
    
    printf("Replaced string: %s\n", result);

    return 0;
}

Q7: Implement a program to check if a string is a valid integer (e.g., "123" is valid, but "abc" is not).

output.cpp

// C code
#include <stdio.h>

int main() {
    char str[100];
    printf("Enter a string: ");
    gets(str);

    int i = 0;

    if (str[0] == '-' || str[0] == '+') {
        i = 1;
    }

    while (str[i] != '') {
        if (str[i] < '0' || str[i] > '9') {
            printf("The string is not a valid integer.\n");
            return 0;
        }
        i++;
    }

    printf("The string is a valid integer.\n");

    return 0;
}

Q8: Write a program in C/C++ to count the occurrences of a specific character in a string.

output.cpp

// C code
#include <stdio.h>

int main() {
    char str[100];
    char ch;
    int count = 0;

    printf("Enter a string: ");
    gets(str);

    printf("Enter a character to count: ");
    scanf(" %c", &ch);

    for (int i = 0; str[i] != ''; i++) {
        if (str[i] == ch) {
            count++;
        }
    }

    printf("The character '%c' appears %d times in the string.\n", ch, count);

    return 0;
}

Q9: Write a program to check if a string is a palindrome.

output.cpp

// C code
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>

int isPalindrome(const char *str) {
    int length = strlen(str);
    int i, j;

    for (i = 0, j = length - 1; i < j; i++, j--) {
        if (str[i] != str[j]) {
            return 0; // Not a palindrome
        }
    }

    return 1; // Palindrome
}

int main() {
    char str[100];
    printf("Enter a string: ");
    gets(str);

    if (isPalindrome(str)) {
        printf("The string is a palindrome.\n");
    } else {
        printf("The string is not a palindrome.\n");
    }

    return 0;
}

Q10: Create a string variable containing a sentence and use slicing to print the first 5 characters, the last 5 characters, and characters from the 6th to the 10th position.

output.cpp

// C code
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>

int main() {
    const char *sentence = "This is a sample sentence.";
    
    printf("First 5 characters: %.5s\n", sentence);
    
    int length = strlen(sentence);
    
    if (length > 5) {
        printf("Last 5 characters: %s\n", sentence + length - 5);
    }
    
    if (length >= 10) {
        printf("Characters from 6th to 10th position: %.5s\n", sentence + 5);
    }
    
    return 0;
}

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